Workshop 2 determines the risk of dotistromy and impact on the process of environmental factors, in

Since 2012, under the auspices of COST (European Cooperation nacho toppings in Science and Technology) launched an international project DIAROD, named for the first letters of the full name - Determining Invasiveness And Risk Of Dothistroma (Definition invaziynosti and risk of dotistromy). nacho toppings In Uppsala (Swedish Agricultural University) October 30, 2012 a meeting of the First Working Group of the project devoted to the situation of spreading of the disease - Dothistroma septosporum and Dothistroma pini and their harmfulness. The meeting was attended by representatives of 12 countries. Ukraine was represented by chief microbiologist DSLO << >> Shidlisozahyst KV Davydenko.
At the beginning of the last century nacho toppings in Russia (2011) and Ukraine (2014) discovered a new disease-needles, but she has not acquired distribution. Recently, nacho toppings Ukraine illness in 2004 found in Kherson and Mykolaiv regions over a large area of plantations Crimean nacho toppings pine (Pinus nacho toppings pallasiana) (A. Usychenko), in 2011 - 40-year-old Crimean pine plantations in the forest Forestry Enterprise "LMG Simferopol '( Vladimir Meshkov, Yu Skrylnyk) in 2012 - stands in Kherson and Zaporizhia nacho toppings regions (K. Davydenko).
Problem forest protection from the disease occurred in the southern hemisphere (South Africa, South America, New Zealand) nacho toppings in the 60s of last century after the mass creation of commercial plantations Pinus radiata. In the late 90's. Disease spread in the northern hemisphere, where large areas of blockhouses, fires, non-forest land area was established coniferous monocultures. Recently teleomorfu fungus (Mycosphaerella pini) included in the list of quarantine organisms (http://www.eppo.org/QUARANTINE/fungi/Mycosphaerella_pini/SCIRPI_images.htm).
Dotistromatoz nacho toppings or spotting red needles are economically important disease of conifer plantations in Europe, America, Canada and so on. The disease is caused nacho toppings by fungal pathogens two - Dothistroma septosporum and Dothistroma pini. The disease affects pine needles pine, spruce, larch and duhlasiyi causes premature falling of needles and reduce the rate of tree growth. Signs of the disease is the appearance on the red needles of previous years (or close shades) and its cross rysochok falling. In the affected trees no increase in past years, runners have the appearance nacho toppings of brush ("lion nacho toppings tails").
Causes dotystromy in Europe, harm, pathogenicity and economic significance are unknown. In this context, the question arises nacho toppings whether there were these types in the northern hemisphere before, or spread new aggressive strains, or there was a mutation of existing strains under the influence of climate change. Also important is the prediction of the disease, whether it will increase or, conversely, decrease in the case of climate change.
DIAROD main goal is to generalize knowledge on development and distribution dotistromatozu, promotion of joint research to address key issues of the problem, identify nacho toppings future priorities for research and use of this information to predict the spread nacho toppings of the disease and develop strategies to reduce negative impact of the disease on the health condition of the forest.
To meet the challenges of the project were established four working groups whose activities cover seven main objectives of the project. Working Group 1 examines the causative nacho toppings agent, its distribution and intensity, including publications and scientific reports forest protection organizations, identifies selected pathogens using modern molecular methods and evaluates the genetic diversity of populations dotistromy.
Workshop 2 determines the risk of dotistromy and impact on the process of environmental factors, including the impact of climate change and forestry activities in the rapid spread of the disease in Europe in 20 years. Explore the transfer mechanisms of the disease, the interaction between pathogens dotistromoyu and other diseases needles.
Working Group 3 studies the stability and susceptibility of trees to zhyvyteliv dotistromatozu. Envisaged review of published and unpublished data on mechanisms of resistance of trees to disease, addiction spread of the disease from forestry activities, study the susceptibility of different breeds to-zhyvyteliv dotistromatozu, including various clones and geographical cultures.
Working Group 4 identifies gaps in knowledge of the spread dotistromy, nacho toppings disseminates research results, provides guidelines for forest practices. It is planned nacho toppings to develop a questionnaire on the Internet with feedback, database specialists and their publications, dissemination of results nacho toppings among forest owners and researchers. The meeting was the first working group defined the functions of each artist, consider organizing trainings in the field to determine nacho toppings the various manifestations of the disease in various kinds sawmills, found lists of softwoods countries, which can spread dotistroma.
It was the method of creating thematic maps spread dotistromy separately